To be peculiar implies distinctiveness from the normal or usual or in other words “special”. To be a treasure implies someone or something of great worth and value or in other words “priceless”.

The Bible in the New Testament says that those who believe in Jesus Christ will be a peculiar people. They will be a chosen generation, a holy nation, royal priests; a peculiar people unto the Lord (1 Peter 2:9) But believers ought to recognize that there is a pre-requisite to being a peculiar people, of and for the Lord, and this conditional requirement is stated explicitly in the Old Testament. The requirement is to first obey totally. The Bible says in Exodus 19:5-6 that total (not partial) obedience to God is what would make God’s people peculiar (special over all other nations) and priceless (His very own treasure).

Points to ponder:
Do you/I want to be peculiar and priceless? Do you and I want to be distinct and of great worth? Do you/I want to be God’s chosen royal priests? If yes, then we must obey, not partially but totally (fully). To fear God and keep his commandments is the whole (and sole) duty of man (Ecclesiastes 12:13)

Exodus 19:5-6 (KJV)
5
Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for all the earth is mine:
6 And ye shall be unto me a kingdom of priests, and an holy nation. These are the words which thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel.

Ecclesiastes 12:13 (KJV)
13 Let us hear the conclusion of the whole matter: Fear God, and keep his commandments: for this is the whole duty of man.